Mars:
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atmosphere
south
Deimos
Sun
permafrost |
colder
Roman
ice
temperature
asteroids |
moons
day
Earth-like
craters
fourth |
Mars is the fourth planet from the sun and the most Earth-like planet in our Solar System. Mars was named after the Roman god of war. Mars is about 4,222 miles (6790 km) in diameter. This is 53% (a little over half) of the diameter of the Earth. Mars' mass is about 6.42 x 10 23 kg. This is 1/9th of the mass of the Earth. A 100-pound person on Mars would weigh 38 pounds.
This red planet has a very thin atmosphere that consists of 95% carbon dioxide (CO2), 3% nitrogen, and 1.6% argon (there is no oxygen). The surface of Mars is dry, rocky, and mostly covered with iron-rich dust. There are low-lying plains in the northern hemisphere, but the southern hemisphere is dotted with impact craters . The ground is frozen; this permafrost extends for several kilometers. The north and south poles of Mars are covered by ice caps composed of frozen water and carbon dioxide. Mars is much colder than the Earth. Mars' surface temperature ranges from a high of 68° F(20° C) to a low of -220° F(-140° C).
Each day on Mars takes 1.03 Earth days (24.6 hours). A year on Mars takes 687 Earth days; it takes this long for Mars to orbit the Sun once.
Mars has 2 tiny moons , Phobos and Deimos . They were probably asteroids that were pulled into orbit around Mars.
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